Фра Бартоломео

BARTOLOMEO, Fra Florentine painter. After training with Cosimo Rosselli, he was deeply influenced by the preaching of Savonarola and entered the Dominican Order in 1500, giving up painting until 1504. His original name was Baccio della Porta, but he changed his name to Fra Bartolomeo when he became a Dominican friar. From then until 1508 he developed parallel with Raphael — though Raphael’s was the more imaginative genius — each contributing something to the new High Renaissance type of Madonna with Saints, in which the figure of the Madonna acts not merely as a centre but as a pivot about which the whole composition turns. The two artists also evolved a new treatment, first adumbrated by Leonardo, of the theme of the Madonna and Child with the Infant St John in a Landscape. Raphael, Michelangelo, and Leonardo had all left Florence by 1509 and in the second decade of the century Fra Bartolommeo was rivalled only by Andrea del Sarto as the leading painter in the city, which he left only briefly for visits to Venice in 1508 and Rome in 1514. His style acquired a solemn restraint and monumentality that made him one of the purest representatives of the High Renaissance {The Mystical Marriage of St Catherine, Louvre, Paris, 1511).

Fra Bartolommeo was a brilliant draughtsman and the mystical element in his nature is expressed in his drawings, which escape the tendency to empty rhetoric occasionally shown in his later paintings. His drawings include not only figure studies, but also landscape and nature studies.

001 The Adoration of the Christ Child / c. 1499, Oil on canvas, Galleria Borghese, Rome

002 Annunciation / 1497, Panel, 176 x 170 cm, Duomo, Volterra

003 Vision of St Bernard with Sts Benedict and John the Evangelist / 1504, Panel, 213 x 220 cm, Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

004 Vision of St Bernard with Sts Benedict and John the Evangelist (detail) / 1504, Panel, Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

005 The Marriage of St Catherine of Siena / 1511, Wood panel, 257 x 228 cm, Mus赌e du Louvre, Paris

006 Christ with the Four Evangelists / 1516, Wood, Galleria Palatina (Palazzo Pitti), Florence

007 Christ Crowned with Thorns / -, Fresco on tile, 52 x 37 cm, Museo di S. Marco, Florence

008 Deposition / c. 1515, Oil on canvas, 152 x 195 cm, Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

009 The Annunciation (front), Circumcision and Nativity (back) / c. 1500, Tempera on wood, 19,5 x 9 cm, Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

010 God the Father with Sts Catherine of Siena and Mary Magdalen / 1509, Panel (transferred), 361 x 236 cm, Museo e Pinacoteca Nazionale di Palazzo Mansi, Lucca

011 The Holy Family with St John the Baptist / 1506-07, Oil on panel, 62 x 47 cm, Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid

012 The Incarnation with Six Saints / 1515, Panel, 96 x 76 cm, Mus赌e du Louvre, Paris

013 Madonna della Misericordia / 1515, Oil on canvas, Museo Nazionale di Villa Guinigi, Lucca

014 Mystic Marriage of St Catherine / 1512, Panel, 356 x 270 cm, Galleria Palatina (Palazzo Pitti), Florence

015 Prophet Isaiah / c. 1516, Panel, 168 x 108 cm, Galleria dell’Accademia, Florence

016 Portrait of Girolamo Savonarola / c. 1498, Oil on wood, 47 x 31 cm, Museo di San Marco, Florence

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